What are UV rays?

UV light is what? Impact and effective protection

Every day, we are exposed to sunlight without realizing that it carries invisible radiation that can greatly affect our health. One of the most common types of radiation is ultraviolet rays (UV rays).

UV rays can provide certain benefits, but they also pose many risks, especially with long-term exposure without protection.

In this article, we will be together Dr Nguyen Giap Learn about what UV rays are, their effects on human health, and how to protect your body from the harmful effects of UV rays.

What are UV rays? UV Ray Classification

What are UV rays?

Ultraviolet (UV) rays are a type of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the sun. They have a wavelength shorter than visible light but longer than X-rays. Although we cannot see UV rays with the naked eye, their effects on the body are very obvious, especially on the skin and eyes.

In addition to the sun, UV rays can also be produced from artificial sources such as fluorescent lamps, LED lamps, tanning beds, and UV disinfection devices.

The types of UV rays and characteristics

UV light is divided into three main categories:

• UVA (320 – 400 nm): This is the type of UV rays with the longest wavelength, accounting for about 95% of the UV rays reaching the Earth’s surface. UVA has the ability to penetrate deep into the skin, causing premature aging, wrinkles and possibly skin cancer.
• UVB (280 – 320 nm): UVB rays have higher energy, can cause sunburn and damage DNA in skin cells, thereby increasing the risk of skin cancer.
• UVC (100 – 280 nm): This is the kind of rays, the most dangerous, but fortunately, the ozone layer in the atmosphere has absorbed almost completely, so they do not affect humans.

The influence of UV rays to health

1. The impact to the skin

UV rays can cause sunburn, skin darkening, melasma, freckles and destroy collagen, causing the skin to lose elasticity. UVA can penetrate the dermis layer of the skin, while UVB can directly damage the DNA of skin cells. This not only causes the skin to age quickly but also increases the risk of skin cancer.

2. Affect the eyes

Too much exposure to UV rays can damage the cornea, causing inflammation of the cornea, cataracts and macular degeneration. People with regular exposure to the sun without protection measures eye to encounter the vision problems after this.

3. Deterioration of the immune system

UV rays can weaken the immune system, leaving the body vulnerable to skin infections and suffering from skin diseases due to viral, bacterial attack. In addition, a number of studies also indicate that exposure to UV rays can cause genetic mutations lead to serious pathologies.

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UV index and the level of danger

The UV index is, what?

The UV Index is a measure of the level of ultraviolet radiation from the sun at a particular location. Developed by Organization world health organization (WHO), the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and other meteorological organizations, this index ranges from 0 to 11+ to reflect the level of impact of UV rays on human skin.

The higher the UV index, the greater the risk of skin and eye damage. The index is often published in the media, weather apps or meteorological agency websites to help people take appropriate protective measures when going outdoors.

The level of UV and impact on health

Dangerous levels of UV radiation is divided into the following groups:

• 0 – 2 (Low): not Nearly as dangerous. You can go out without protection measures in particular. However, if skin too sensitiveplease use a mild sunscreen.
• 3 – 5 (average): run the risk of causing skin damage if exposed for too long. Should use sunscreen with an SPF of 30 and above, wearing sunglasses and a hat when outside.

• 6 – 7 (High): the Risk of sunburn, especially with sensitive skin facial oil. Need to limit the sun exposure at noon and use sun protection clothing.
• 8 – 10 (Very high): can cause skin burns after 15-20 minutes of exposure without protective measures. Should stay in the shade and shield as well as when going out.
• 11+ (Extremely dangerous): Cause sunburn after only a few minutes of exposure. At this level, UV rays can cause serious skin damage and increase the risk of skin cancer. Ideally, you should avoid exposure to the sun for a long time.

The track UV index daily to help you proactively protect the health, especially in summer when the intensity of solar radiation higher than normal.

How to protect the body from UV rays

To minimize the harmful effects of UV rays to the skin and eyes, you can apply the following measures:

Use sunscreen properly

Sunscreen is one of the most effective measures to help protect the skin from effects of UV rays.

However, improper use can make the protective effect decreased significantly.

1. Determine the exact skin type and choose sunscreen index of SPF 30 and above and PA+++ to protect the skin from both UVA and UVB rays.
2. Apply the cream before going outside at least 15 – 20 minutes to the cream has time to penetrate the skin.
3. Reapply the cream after every 2 – 3 hours, especially when sweating or after swimming.
4. Use amount of cream enough, about 1.2 g per cm2 skin to ensure effective optimal protection.

Dress outfits sunscreen

In addition to sunscreen, clothing also plays an important role in protecting the body from UV rays:

• Choose dresses that material thick, tightly woven to reduce the amount of UV rays through.
• Used clothing has just the UPF (Ultraviolet Protection Factor) to increase the likelihood of sunscreen.
• Wide-brimmed hat to shield the face, neck and ears – the skin is the most vulnerable.
• Wear sunglasses have UV-resistant 100% to protect the eyes from the effects of solar radiation.

Limited out on frame peak hours

UV rays are most active in about 10h – 16hso if possible, please limit out at this time. If compelled to go outside, find shade to reduce direct exposure to the sun.

Skin care and supplements antioxidants

Nutrition can also help to strengthen the ability to protect your skin before the harmful effects of UV rays:

• Vitamin C and Vitamin E helps the skin anti-oxidation and restores damage caused by the sun.
• Drinking enough water helps the skin maintain moisture and reduce risk of peeling, sunburn.
• Use the type of serum, or vitamin F antioxidant to minimize the impact of UV rays on the skin.

Application of UV light in life

Although there are a lot of harm, but UV rays are also widely used in medical technology and in everyday life.

1. Application in medical

• Disinfection and sterilization: UV Lamps used in hospital, laboratory to destroy bacteria, viruses and mold, help the environment, clean and safe.
• Support dermatology treatment: UV light is used in the treatment of some dermatological diseases such as psoriasis, vitiligo and atopic dermatitis by stimulating the production of vitamin D and adjust immune system.
• Synthesis of Vitamin D: A small amount of UVB rays help the body synthesize vitamin D supports calcium absorption and maintaining healthy bones.

2. Applications in technology

• Disinfection of water and food: water filtration systems use UV light to kill bacteria and viruses without the use of chemicals. UV rays are also used to sterilize vegetables, meat and fish in the food industry.
• Application of printing: printing technology, anti-UV ink dry faster, more durable, more color and create the product has high sharpness.
• Production of optical material: some materials in eye glasses, camera lenses and other optical equipment is treated with UV light to increase the durability and resistance to anti-glare.

Conclusion

UV rays are an essential part of sunlight, bringing both benefits and harms. Understanding the effects of UV rays on health and how to protect the body will help us be more proactive in protecting our skin, eyes and overall health.

Please always use sunscreen, protective apparel, and limit exposure to UV rays, too much in order to minimize the risk of unwanted.

Protecting yourself from the harmful effects of UV rays not only helps you have healthy skin but also helps prevent many dangerous diseases in the long term. Start taking care of yourself today! 😊

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